英検1級のライティングの予想問題・練習問題15選！解答例も紹介！

英検1級のライティングの予想問題を紹介します。また英検1級のライティングの練習問題も模範解答と解答例付きでわかりやすく解説します。また英検1級のライティングの使えるテンプレートや使える表現や決まり文句も合わせて紹介します。

竹本明弘

【この記事の監修者：英検コーチ塾長の竹本明弘】

これまで英検2級に合格者を900名以上、英検準一級に合格者を1200名以上輩出してきました。英検合格のために効果的な実際にやってよかったライティングの勉強法をいくつか紹介します。また英検のライティングで高得点を取るコツやおすすめのテンプレートも合わせて解説します。

英検1級のライティングの予想問題

英検1級のライティングの英作文の予想問題を紹介します。

英検1級英作文予想問題1：デジタル通貨

TOPIC: Should governments replace traditional currency with digital currency?

英検1級英作文予想問題2：高齢化社会

TOPIC: Should younger generations be required to financially support the elderly through higher taxes?

解答例：

Although some people argue that younger generations should not bear the burden of supporting the elderly, I agree that higher taxes for this purpose are justified for the following three reasons.

To begin with, today’s elderly contributed to building the society that younger generations now benefit from. This is because they worked, paid taxes, and invested in infrastructure, education, and economic development throughout their lives. For example, the roads, schools, and public institutions that young people use today were largely funded by previous generations. Therefore, supporting the elderly is a matter of intergenerational reciprocity and social responsibility.

Furthermore, adequate support for the elderly benefits society as a whole. There are numerous cases that societies with strong elderly support systems experience greater social stability and cohesion. Apart from moral considerations, when elderly people have financial security, they can contribute to their communities through volunteering, mentoring, and sharing knowledge. This clearly shows that investing in elderly care strengthens the entire social fabric.

Finally, younger generations would offer another invaluable benefit from supporting the elderly by ensuring their own future security. It is widely recognized that today’s young workers will eventually become elderly themselves and will need similar support. As a result, maintaining a robust system of intergenerational support creates a social contract that benefits everyone throughout their lives.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that younger generations should support the elderly through higher taxes for the above three reasons. Given the contributions of past generations, the social benefits of elderly support, and the importance of maintaining intergenerational solidarity, this approach serves the long-term interests of society.

英検1級英作文予想問題3：グローバリゼーション

TOPIC: Has globalization been beneficial for developing countries?

解答例：

It is often pointed out that globalization has created opportunities for economic growth worldwide. However, I do not believe that globalization has been entirely beneficial for developing countries for the following three reasons.

To begin with, globalization often leads to exploitation of workers in developing countries. This is because multinational corporations seek cheap labor and weak regulations, resulting in poor working conditions and low wages. For instance, workers in garment factories and electronics manufacturing plants frequently face unsafe environments and earn barely subsistence-level incomes. Therefore, the economic benefits of globalization are distributed unequally, with corporations profiting while workers struggle.

In addition, globalization can undermine local industries and traditional livelihoods. According to economic studies, when developing countries open their markets to international competition, local businesses often cannot compete with large foreign corporations. There are numerous cases that small farmers and manufacturers have been driven out of business by cheaper imports. This clearly shows that globalization can destroy economic diversity and increase dependence on foreign companies.

Finally, globalization would offer another challenge by increasing cultural homogenization. It is widely recognized that the spread of Western consumer culture threatens local traditions, languages, and values in developing countries. As a consequence, communities lose their unique identities and the diversity that enriches human civilization.

All things considered, it is clear that globalization presents significant challenges for developing countries. Given the exploitation of workers, destruction of local industries, and cultural losses, the benefits of globalization have been overstated and its costs underestimated for the world’s poorest nations.

英検1級英作文予想問題4：セキュリティとプライバシー

TOPIC: Should governments prioritize national security over individual privacy?

解答例：

Many people believe that preventing terrorism and crime justifies government surveillance. However, I do not agree that national security should be prioritized over individual privacy for the following reasons.

To begin with, sacrificing privacy does not guarantee security. This is because extensive surveillance systems have often failed to prevent major security threats while creating vast databases of information on innocent citizens. For example, despite massive surveillance programs, many terrorist attacks and security breaches have still occurred in countries with extensive monitoring. Therefore, the promised security benefits do not justify the intrusion into people’s private lives.

Furthermore, government surveillance powers are frequently abused. There are numerous cases that surveillance capabilities intended for security purposes have been used to target political opponents, journalists, and activists. According to historical evidence, governments with unchecked surveillance powers often use them to suppress dissent and maintain control rather than solely for legitimate security purposes. This clearly shows that prioritizing security over privacy threatens democratic freedoms.

Finally, widespread surveillance would offer another negative consequence by creating a chilling effect on free expression. It is widely recognized that when people know they are being monitored, they become less willing to express controversial opinions or engage in legitimate activism. As a result, society loses the open debate and diverse perspectives that are essential for democracy and social progress.

All things considered, it is clear that individual privacy must be protected even while addressing security concerns. Given the limited effectiveness of mass surveillance, the potential for abuse, and the threat to free expression, governments should use targeted security measures that respect privacy rights rather than implementing blanket surveillance.

英検1級のこの解答では、効果の疑問、権力の濫用、表現の自由への影響という3つの理由を提示しています。英検1級では人権と安全保障のバランスについて論じる力が求められます。

英検1級英作文予想問題5：動物実験

TOPIC: Should animal testing be banned for cosmetic products?

解答例：

Although some people argue that animal testing is necessary for product safety, I agree that it should be banned for cosmetic products for the following three reasons.

To begin with, animal testing for cosmetics is ethically unjustifiable. This is because causing suffering to sentient beings for non-essential products like makeup and skincare cannot be morally defended. For instance, animals used in cosmetic testing experience pain, distress, and often death, all to test products that serve purely aesthetic purposes rather than addressing medical needs. Therefore, the harm inflicted on animals far outweighs any benefits to human beauty.

In addition, alternative testing methods are now widely available and effective. According to scientific research, technologies such as artificial skin models, computer simulations, and human cell cultures can accurately assess cosmetic safety without using animals. There are numerous cases that major cosmetic companies have successfully developed safe products using only these alternative methods. This clearly shows that animal testing is no longer necessary from a scientific standpoint.

Finally, banning animal testing for cosmetics would offer another invaluable benefit by encouraging innovation. It is widely recognized that regulatory restrictions often drive industries to develop better solutions. As a consequence, a ban on animal testing would accelerate the development and adoption of more humane and scientifically advanced testing methods that could eventually benefit other fields as well.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that animal testing should be banned for cosmetic products for the above three reasons. Given the ethical concerns, availability of alternatives, and potential for driving innovation, such a ban represents both moral progress and scientific advancement.

英検1級のライティングの要約問題の予想問題5選

英検1級のライティングの要約問題の予想問題を5つ紹介します。

英検1級の要約問題では、300語程度の英文を90語から110語で要約する力が求められます。

英検1級要約予想問題1：プラスチック汚染

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Plastic pollution has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental challenges of the twenty-first century. Since the mass production of plastic began in the 1950s, humans have created approximately 8.3 billion metric tons of plastic, and roughly 60 percent of that has ended up in landfills or the natural environment. The ocean has become a particular focus of concern, with an estimated 8 million tons of plastic entering marine environments annually. This pollution poses serious threats to marine life, with countless sea creatures ingesting plastic debris or becoming entangled in discarded fishing nets and other plastic waste.

The problem extends beyond visible plastic debris. Microplastics, tiny plastic particles less than five millimeters in size, have become ubiquitous in the environment. These particles result from the breakdown of larger plastic items or are manufactured intentionally for use in products like cosmetics and synthetic clothing. Scientists have discovered microplastics in virtually every environment they have examined, from the deepest ocean trenches to Arctic ice, and even in the air we breathe. Research indicates that the average person now consumes tens of thousands of microplastic particles annually through food and water, though the long-term health effects remain uncertain.

Addressing plastic pollution requires action at multiple levels. Many countries have begun implementing policies such as banning single-use plastic bags, restricting microplastics in cosmetics, and improving waste management infrastructure. However, critics argue that these measures are insufficient and that more fundamental changes are needed. Some advocates call for holding plastic manufacturers responsible for the entire lifecycle of their products, while others emphasize the need to reduce overall plastic production rather than focusing solely on recycling and waste management. Without comprehensive global action, experts warn that plastic pollution will continue to accumulate, potentially causing irreversible damage to ecosystems and human health.

英検1級の要約解答例：

Plastic pollution has become a critical environmental issue since mass production began in the 1950s, with billions of tons accumulating in landfills and oceans. Marine life faces severe threats from plastic debris, while microplastics have spread throughout all environments and entered the human food chain, though health impacts remain unclear. Although many countries have implemented policies like banning single-use plastics and improving waste management, critics argue these measures are inadequate. They call for holding manufacturers accountable and reducing overall production rather than just managing waste. Experts warn that without comprehensive global action, plastic pollution will cause irreversible damage to ecosystems and human health. (108 words)

英検1級要約予想問題2：ソーシャルメディアと民主主義

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Social media platforms have fundamentally transformed how people access information and engage with political processes. Initially celebrated as tools that would democratize information and give voice to marginalized groups, these platforms have increasingly come under scrutiny for their role in spreading misinformation and polarizing societies. The algorithmic systems that determine what content users see tend to prioritize engagement over accuracy, often promoting sensational or controversial material that generates strong reactions. This creates echo chambers where users are primarily exposed to information that confirms their existing beliefs, making constructive dialogue across political divides increasingly difficult.

The impact on democratic institutions has been profound. During election periods, foreign actors and domestic groups have exploited social media to spread false information and manipulate public opinion. The rapid spread of misinformation can occur faster than fact-checkers can respond, and corrections rarely reach as many people as the original false claims. Additionally, social media has facilitated the organization of extremist groups and the radicalization of individuals who might not have encountered such ideologies through traditional media channels. These platforms have effectively created new pathways for undermining democratic processes and social cohesion.

In response to these challenges, governments and platforms themselves are grappling with how to regulate content without infringing on free speech. Some countries have implemented strict laws requiring platforms to remove illegal content quickly, while others have taken a more hands-off approach. Platform companies have developed content moderation policies and invested in artificial intelligence systems to detect problematic content, but these efforts face criticism for being either too restrictive or insufficiently effective. The fundamental tension between protecting free expression and preventing harm remains unresolved, and finding the right balance will likely shape the future of both social media and democratic discourse.

英検1級の要約解答例：

Social media platforms, initially praised for democratizing information, now face criticism for spreading misinformation and polarizing societies. Their algorithms prioritize engagement over accuracy, creating echo chambers that hinder constructive dialogue. These platforms have enabled foreign and domestic actors to manipulate elections through rapid misinformation spread and have facilitated extremist organization and radicalization. Governments and companies struggle to regulate content while protecting free speech, with different countries adopting varying approaches. Platform moderation efforts using AI face criticism for being either too restrictive or ineffective. The unresolved tension between free expression and preventing harm will shape the future of social media and democratic discourse. (105 words)

英検1級のこの要約では、問題提起、具体的影響、対策と課題という3段落の構造を維持しています。英検1級では論理展開を正確に把握することが求められます。

英検1級要約予想問題3：遠隔医療

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Telemedicine, the practice of providing healthcare services remotely using telecommunications technology, has experienced explosive growth in recent years, particularly accelerated by the global pandemic. Patients can now consult with doctors via video calls, receive diagnoses, obtain prescriptions, and even undergo certain types of therapy without leaving their homes. This development has proven especially beneficial for people in rural areas who previously had limited access to specialists, as well as for individuals with mobility issues or chronic conditions requiring frequent monitoring. The convenience and efficiency of telemedicine have led many healthcare systems to integrate it as a permanent component of service delivery.

Despite its advantages, telemedicine faces several significant limitations. The most obvious is that it cannot replace physical examinations for many conditions, as doctors cannot perform hands-on assessments or certain diagnostic tests remotely. Additionally, the digital divide means that elderly patients and those in areas with poor internet connectivity may struggle to access telemedicine services, potentially exacerbating existing health inequalities. There are also concerns about the quality of care provided remotely, with some studies suggesting that misdiagnoses occur more frequently in virtual consultations compared to in-person visits. Furthermore, the absence of personal interaction may affect the doctor-patient relationship, which many healthcare professionals consider essential for effective treatment.

The future of telemedicine likely involves finding an optimal balance between remote and in-person care. Experts suggest that telemedicine works best as a complement to traditional healthcare rather than a replacement. For routine follow-ups, prescription refills, and minor ailments, remote consultations offer clear advantages in terms of convenience and cost-effectiveness. However, complex cases and initial diagnoses may still require physical examinations. As technology continues to advance, with developments such as remote monitoring devices and AI-assisted diagnostics, the capabilities of telemedicine will expand, but the need for human judgment and personal interaction in healthcare is unlikely to disappear entirely.

英検1級の要約解答例：

Telemedicine has grown rapidly, particularly during the pandemic, allowing patients to receive healthcare remotely through video consultations. It especially benefits rural residents and those with mobility issues or chronic conditions by improving access to specialists. However, significant limitations exist, including inability to perform physical examinations, digital divide issues affecting elderly and poorly connected populations, higher misdiagnosis rates, and potential damage to doctor-patient relationships. Experts suggest telemedicine works best complementing traditional care rather than replacing it, with remote consultations suitable for routine matters while complex cases require in-person visits. Despite advancing technology like remote monitoring and AI diagnostics, human judgment and personal interaction remain essential in healthcare. (110 words)

英検1級要約予想問題4：食品廃棄

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Food waste represents one of the most paradoxical challenges facing modern society. While approximately 800 million people worldwide suffer from hunger, roughly one-third of all food produced for human consumption is lost or wasted annually, amounting to about 1.3 billion tons. This waste occurs at every stage of the food supply chain, from production and processing to retail and consumption. In developed countries, most food waste occurs at the retail and consumer levels, with supermarkets discarding products that approach expiration dates and households throwing away edible food. In contrast, developing nations see more waste during production and distribution due to inadequate storage facilities, poor transportation infrastructure, and lack of proper refrigeration.

The environmental impact of food waste extends far beyond the loss of nutrients that could feed hungry populations. When food decomposes in landfills, it produces methane, a greenhouse gas roughly 25 times more potent than carbon dioxide in trapping heat in the atmosphere. Food production also requires enormous amounts of water, land, and energy, so wasting food means squandering all the resources invested in growing, processing, and transporting it. Researchers estimate that if food waste were a country, it would be the third-largest emitter of greenhouse gases after the United States and China. Additionally, the agricultural land used to produce wasted food contributes to deforestation and biodiversity loss.

Addressing food waste requires coordinated efforts across society. Some innovative solutions include improving supply chain efficiency through better inventory management and cold storage infrastructure, encouraging supermarkets to sell imperfect produce at reduced prices, and implementing policies that redirect surplus food to those in need rather than landfills. Consumer education plays a crucial role, as many people lack understanding of date labels and proper food storage techniques. Several countries have made progress by introducing legislation that penalizes food waste or requires businesses to donate excess food. Technology is also contributing solutions, with apps connecting consumers to restaurants and stores offering surplus food at discounted prices. While no single approach will solve the problem entirely, combining these strategies could significantly reduce waste and its associated environmental and social costs.

英検1級の要約解答例：

Food waste is a major global problem, with one-third of food produced annually wasted while millions face hunger. In developed nations, waste primarily occurs at retail and consumer levels through discarding near-expiration products and household waste, while developing countries lose food during production due to inadequate infrastructure. Environmental impacts are severe, as decomposing food produces methane and wasted production squanders water, land, and energy resources. Solutions require coordinated efforts including improved supply chains, selling imperfect produce, redirecting surplus food, consumer education on storage and date labels, legislation penalizing waste, and technology connecting consumers to discounted surplus food. Combining these strategies could substantially reduce waste and its environmental and social costs. (110 words)

英検1級要約予想問題5：都市化と生活の質

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Urbanization continues to accelerate globally, with more than half of the world’s population now living in cities, a proportion projected to reach 68 percent by 2050. This unprecedented urban growth brings both opportunities and challenges for residents and policymakers. Cities offer numerous advantages, including better access to employment, education, healthcare, and cultural amenities. Urban areas tend to be more economically productive per capita than rural regions, driving innovation and economic growth. The concentration of people and resources in cities also creates opportunities for more efficient public transportation systems and reduces per-capita energy consumption compared to dispersed suburban or rural living patterns.

However, rapid urbanization often outpaces the development of necessary infrastructure and services, leading to significant quality of life issues. Many cities, particularly in developing countries, struggle with inadequate housing, forcing millions to live in informal settlements or slums without basic services like clean water, sanitation, or electricity. Traffic congestion has become chronic in many urban centers, wasting time and increasing air pollution. Green spaces are often sacrificed for development, reducing opportunities for recreation and contributing to urban heat island effects. The cost of living in major cities, especially housing costs, has skyrocketed in many places, making it increasingly difficult for middle and lower-income residents to afford urban life.

Creating livable, sustainable cities requires thoughtful planning and policy interventions. Successful urban development strategies include investing in public transportation to reduce reliance on private vehicles, implementing mixed-use zoning that allows people to live closer to where they work and shop, preserving and creating green spaces for environmental and health benefits, and ensuring affordable housing through various mechanisms. Some cities have made significant progress by prioritizing pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure, developing smart city technologies to improve service delivery, and engaging communities in planning processes. The challenge lies in implementing these solutions at the scale and speed necessary to keep pace with urban growth while ensuring that benefits are distributed equitably across all segments of society.

英検1級の要約解答例：

Over half the world’s population lives in cities, expected to reach 68 percent by 2050. Urbanization offers advantages including employment access, education, healthcare, economic productivity, and efficient public services, while concentrating populations reduces per-capita energy consumption. However, rapid growth often creates problems like inadequate housing, informal settlements lacking basic services, traffic congestion, air pollution, vanishing green spaces, and unaffordable housing costs. Creating sustainable cities requires investing in public transportation, implementing mixed-use zoning, preserving green spaces, and ensuring affordable housing. Successful strategies include prioritizing pedestrian infrastructure, developing smart technologies, and community engagement in planning. The challenge involves implementing solutions quickly enough while ensuring equitable benefit distribution across all social segments. (110 words)

英検準一級のライティングの英作文の練習問題5選

英検1級のライティングの英作文問題の予想問題を5つ紹介します。

英検1級の英作文の予想問題1

TOPIC: Should countries implement carbon taxes to combat climate change?

解答例：Many people believe that carbon taxes would harm economic growth. However, I agree that countries should implement carbon taxes to combat climate change for the following three reasons.

To begin with, carbon taxes create economic incentives for reducing emissions. This is because companies and individuals must pay for the environmental damage their activities cause, encouraging them to seek cleaner alternatives. For instance, when carbon costs are included in prices, renewable energy becomes more competitive with fossil fuels, accelerating the transition to sustainable energy sources.

Furthermore, revenue from carbon taxes can fund climate adaptation and mitigation programs. There are numerous cases that countries with carbon taxes have invested the proceeds in renewable energy infrastructure, public transportation, and support for communities affected by climate change. This clearly shows that carbon taxes not only discourage pollution but also provide resources for addressing its consequences.

Finally, implementing carbon taxes would offer another invaluable benefit by demonstrating national commitment to climate action. It is widely recognized that international cooperation is essential for addressing global warming. As a result, when major economies adopt carbon pricing, it encourages other nations to follow suit and strengthens global climate agreements.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that countries should implement carbon taxes for the above three reasons. Given their effectiveness in reducing emissions, ability to fund climate programs, and role in promoting international cooperation, carbon taxes represent a crucial tool for combating climate change.

英検1級の英作文の予想問題2

TOPIC: Should the period of compulsory education be extended to age 18?

解答例：Although some people argue that extending compulsory education would place excessive burdens on families and taxpayers, I agree that it should be extended to age 18 for the following reasons.

To begin with, modern economies require higher levels of education and skills. This is because technological advancement and automation have eliminated many jobs that previously required only basic education. For example, even entry-level positions in most industries now demand advanced literacy, digital skills, and critical thinking abilities that are typically developed during upper secondary education.

In addition, extending compulsory education reduces social inequality. According to educational research, students from disadvantaged backgrounds are more likely to leave school early when education becomes optional. There are numerous cases that early school-leaving perpetuates cycles of poverty and limits opportunities for social mobility. Therefore, making education compulsory until age 18 ensures that all young people receive the preparation necessary for success.

Finally, keeping students in school longer would offer another invaluable benefit for society by reducing youth unemployment and crime. It is widely recognized that teenagers who are neither in school nor employed face higher risks of becoming involved in criminal activities. As a consequence, extended education provides structure and purpose during a critical developmental period.

All things considered, it is clear that extending compulsory education benefits both individuals and society. Given the demands of modern economies, the need to reduce inequality, and the social benefits of keeping youth engaged, education should be mandatory until age 18.

英検1級の英作文の予想問題3

TOPIC: Should nuclear energy be expanded as a solution to climate change?

解答例：It is often pointed out that renewable energy sources like solar and wind power can meet our energy needs. However, I believe that nuclear energy should be expanded as part of climate change solutions for the following three reasons.

To begin with, nuclear power provides reliable baseload electricity without carbon emissions. This is because unlike solar and wind energy, which depend on weather conditions, nuclear plants can operate continuously at full capacity. For instance, countries like France have dramatically reduced their carbon emissions by relying heavily on nuclear energy while maintaining stable electricity supplies.

Furthermore, modern nuclear technology has become significantly safer than older designs. There are numerous cases that new reactor designs incorporate passive safety features that prevent meltdowns even without human intervention. Apart from safety improvements, advanced reactors can even use nuclear waste as fuel, addressing concerns about long-term waste storage.

Finally, expanding nuclear energy would offer another invaluable benefit in terms of energy security and independence. It is widely recognized that dependence on imported fossil fuels creates economic and political vulnerabilities. As a result, countries with domestic nuclear programs can reduce their exposure to volatile international energy markets and geopolitical tensions.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that nuclear energy should be expanded for the above three reasons. Given its ability to provide clean baseload power, improvements in safety, and contributions to energy security, nuclear power deserves a central role in our climate change response.

英検1級の英作文の予想問題4

TOPIC: Should euthanasia be legalized for terminally ill patients?

解答例：Many people believe that life should be preserved at all costs. However, I agree that euthanasia should be legalized for terminally ill patients for the following three reasons.

To begin with, individuals have the right to make decisions about their own lives and deaths. This is because personal autonomy is a fundamental principle in democratic societies. For example, we allow people to refuse medical treatment even when such refusal will result in death, yet we deny them the ability to choose a peaceful death when facing unbearable suffering.

In addition, legalizing euthanasia with proper safeguards can prevent suffering while protecting vulnerable individuals. According to experience in countries where it is legal, strict criteria and multiple medical opinions ensure that only genuinely autonomous decisions by competent adults are honored. There are numerous cases that careful regulation has prevented abuse while allowing dignified deaths for those who choose them.

Finally, prohibition of euthanasia would offer another negative consequence by driving people to seek unsafe alternatives. It is widely recognized that terminally ill patients sometimes attempt suicide using violent or unreliable methods when peaceful options are unavailable. As a result, legalization actually provides better protection and dignity for patients than prohibition.

All things considered, it is clear that euthanasia should be a legal option for terminally ill patients. Given the importance of personal autonomy, the possibility of proper safeguards, and the risks of prohibition, a regulated system respects both individual choice and social responsibility.

英検1級英作文予想問題5

TOPIC: Should developed countries accept more immigrants from developing nations?

解答例：Although some people argue that immigration strains public services and threatens cultural cohesion, I agree that developed countries should accept more immigrants from developing nations for the following reasons.

To begin with, immigration addresses critical labor shortages in developed countries. This is because aging populations and declining birth rates have created gaps in both skilled and unskilled labor markets. For instance, many developed nations face severe shortages in healthcare, construction, and agriculture sectors that immigrants can fill while contributing to economic growth through taxes and consumption.

Furthermore, accepting immigrants fulfills moral obligations toward those fleeing poverty, violence, or persecution. There are numerous cases that developed nations have prospered partly through historical exploitation of resources and labor from developing regions. Apart from historical responsibility, wealthy countries have the capacity to help those in desperate circumstances without significantly compromising their own citizens’ welfare.

Finally, increased immigration would offer another invaluable benefit through cultural enrichment and innovation. It is widely recognized that diverse societies tend to be more creative and economically dynamic. As a consequence, immigrants bring new perspectives, skills, and entrepreneurial energy that strengthen receiving countries rather than weakening them.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that developed countries should accept more immigrants for the above three reasons. Given the economic benefits, moral imperatives, and cultural contributions of immigration, expanded acceptance serves the interests of both receiving countries and migrants themselves.

英検準一級のライティングの要約問題の練習問題5選

英検準一級のライティングの要約問題の練習問題を5つ紹介します。

英検1級の要約の練習問題1

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Tourism has become one of the world’s largest industries, contributing significantly to global economic growth and employment. Millions of people travel internationally each year, seeking new experiences, cultural enrichment, and relaxation. For many countries, particularly small island nations and developing economies, tourism represents a crucial source of foreign exchange and job creation. The industry supports diverse sectors including hospitality, transportation, entertainment, and retail, creating multiplier effects throughout local economies. Tourism also promotes cultural exchange and understanding between nations, potentially reducing prejudice and fostering peace.

However, the rapid growth of tourism has created serious environmental and social problems in popular destinations. Overcrowding damages natural sites and historical landmarks, with excessive foot traffic eroding pathways, vandalism destroying cultural treasures, and pollution contaminating pristine environments. Venice experiences flooding worsened by cruise ship wakes, while Mount Everest has become littered with waste from thousands of climbers. Local communities often face rising housing costs as properties convert to short-term rentals for tourists, displacing long-term residents. Traditional cultures risk commodification when reduced to entertainment for visitors. Moreover, tourism’s carbon footprint from air travel and resource-intensive accommodations contributes significantly to climate change, ironically threatening the very destinations people visit.

Sustainable tourism approaches attempt to balance economic benefits with environmental and cultural preservation. Responsible practices include limiting visitor numbers at sensitive sites, charging higher fees to fund conservation, requiring tourists to follow environmental codes of conduct, and ensuring that local communities benefit economically from tourism rather than being displaced. Some destinations have successfully implemented such measures. However, achieving truly sustainable tourism remains challenging given the industry’s profit-driven nature and the difficulty of coordinating action across borders and between public and private sectors.

解答例：

Tourism represents a major global industry providing economic growth, employment, and foreign exchange, especially for developing nations, while supporting diverse sectors and promoting cultural exchange. However, rapid growth causes serious problems including environmental damage from overcrowding at natural and historical sites, pollution, rising housing costs displacing residents, cultural commodification, and significant carbon emissions contributing to climate change. Sustainable tourism approaches attempt balancing economic benefits with preservation through limiting visitor numbers, conservation fees, environmental codes, and ensuring local community benefits. Some destinations have achieved success implementing such measures, though profit-driven industry nature and coordination difficulties across borders and sectors make truly sustainable tourism challenging to achieve. (105 words)

英検1級の要約の練習問題2

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Gender equality has progressed significantly in many societies over the past century, with women gaining legal rights, educational access, and career opportunities that were previously unavailable. Many countries have enacted laws prohibiting discrimination based on gender, implemented policies promoting women’s participation in politics and business, and established institutions to support victims of gender-based violence. Women now outnumber men in university enrollment in numerous countries and have made substantial inroads into professions traditionally dominated by men. These advances reflect changing social attitudes and recognition that gender equality benefits societies economically and socially by utilizing the talents and perspectives of all citizens.

Despite this progress, significant gender disparities persist globally. Women remain underrepresented in leadership positions across most sectors, with boardrooms, parliaments, and executive suites still predominantly male. The gender pay gap persists even in developed economies, with women earning less than men for equivalent work. Women perform a disproportionate share of unpaid care work, including childcare and eldercare, limiting their career advancement and economic independence. Violence against women remains epidemic in many regions, while discriminatory laws and practices continue to restrict women’s rights in numerous countries. Cultural norms and unconscious biases perpetuate inequalities even where legal frameworks support equality.

Achieving genuine gender equality requires addressing both formal barriers and informal cultural attitudes. Legal reforms must continue, including stronger enforcement of anti-discrimination laws and policies supporting work-family balance such as parental leave and affordable childcare. Education systems should challenge gender stereotypes and encourage diverse career aspirations. Men must actively participate in promoting equality rather than viewing it as solely a women’s issue. Corporate and political quotas, while controversial, have proven effective in some contexts for accelerating women’s representation in leadership. Ultimately, transformation requires recognizing that gender equality benefits everyone by creating more just, prosperous, and innovative societies.

解答例：

Gender equality has advanced significantly with women gaining legal rights, educational access, and career opportunities, supported by anti-discrimination laws and policies promoting women’s participation, reflecting changing attitudes recognizing equality’s societal benefits. However, major disparities persist including women’s underrepresentation in leadership, continuing pay gaps, disproportionate unpaid care work limiting advancement, epidemic violence, discriminatory laws in some countries, and cultural norms perpetuating inequalities. Achieving genuine equality requires legal reforms with stronger enforcement, work-family balance policies like parental leave and childcare, education challenging stereotypes, male participation in promoting equality, and potentially controversial quotas accelerating leadership representation. Transformation requires recognizing equality benefits everyone through creating more just, prosperous, and innovative societies. (105 words)

英検1級の要約の練習問題3

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Water scarcity affects billions of people worldwide and represents one of the most serious challenges facing humanity in the coming decades. While Earth’s surface is mostly water, only a tiny fraction is fresh water accessible for human use, and this limited supply faces increasing pressure from population growth, urbanization, and rising living standards. Agriculture consumes approximately 70 percent of global freshwater, with irrigation-intensive crops requiring enormous quantities. Industry uses substantial water for manufacturing processes and cooling, while domestic consumption continues growing, particularly in developing countries where improved living standards increase per capita water use. Climate change exacerbates the problem by altering precipitation patterns, intensifying droughts in some regions while causing floods in others.

The consequences of water scarcity extend beyond inconvenience to threaten health, food security, and political stability. Lack of clean water and sanitation causes disease outbreaks that kill millions annually, primarily children in developing nations. Agricultural production suffers when irrigation water becomes unavailable, threatening food supplies and rural livelihoods. Competition for water resources has sparked conflicts between communities, regions, and nations, with some experts warning that water wars could become increasingly common. Ecosystems suffer when rivers run dry and wetlands disappear, causing biodiversity loss and eliminating natural water purification processes. Economic development stalls in water-scarce regions as industries cannot operate and cities cannot grow without adequate water supplies.

Addressing water scarcity requires improving efficiency, reducing waste, and better management of existing supplies rather than simply seeking new sources. Agricultural innovations including drip irrigation, drought-resistant crops, and precision farming can dramatically reduce water consumption while maintaining productivity. Industries can recycle water and adopt less water-intensive processes. Cities need to repair leaking pipes, which lose enormous amounts of water, and implement water-wise landscaping and building codes. Pricing water appropriately to reflect its true value, while protecting access for the poor, can discourage waste. International cooperation on shared water resources is essential to prevent conflicts and ensure equitable distribution. While technology can help through desalination and wastewater treatment, these solutions remain expensive and energy-intensive, making conservation and efficiency improvements more practical for most regions.

解答例：

Water scarcity affects billions as population growth, urbanization, and climate change strain limited freshwater supplies, with agriculture consuming 70 percent and industry and domestic use increasing. Consequences threaten health through disease from inadequate sanitation, food security when irrigation fails, and political stability as water competition sparks conflicts, while ecosystems suffer and economic development stalls. Solutions focus on efficiency and management including agricultural innovations like drip irrigation and drought-resistant crops, industrial water recycling, repairing urban infrastructure leaks, water-wise policies, appropriate pricing protecting poor access, and international cooperation on shared resources. Technology like desalination and wastewater treatment helps but remains expensive and energy-intensive, making conservation and efficiency more practical. (107 words)

英検1級の要約の練習問題4

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Population aging represents a demographic transformation affecting societies worldwide, particularly in developed nations and rapidly developing countries like China. Declining birth rates combined with increasing life expectancy have created unprecedented age structures, with growing proportions of elderly people relative to working-age populations. Japan leads this trend, with nearly 30 percent of its population over 65, but many other countries are following similar trajectories. This shift results from multiple factors including better healthcare extending lifespans, changing social values reducing family sizes, increased female education and workforce participation delaying childbearing, and economic uncertainties making parenthood less attractive to young people.

The economic and social challenges of aging populations are substantial. Healthcare and pension systems face enormous pressure as larger numbers of elderly people require support from smaller working-age populations. Government budgets struggle to cover rising healthcare costs for age-related conditions while pension obligations grow. Labor force shortages emerge in some sectors as experienced workers retire faster than younger workers replace them. Economic growth may slow as societies shift resources from productive investment to elder care. Family structures change as fewer children must care for aging parents, creating burden and stress. Rural areas particularly suffer as young people migrate to cities, leaving elderly populations with inadequate support.

Societies are developing various strategies to address aging challenges. Raising retirement ages and encouraging longer working lives helps by expanding the workforce and reducing pension burdens, though this requires adapting workplaces for older employees. Immigration can supplement shrinking workforces, though it raises cultural and political concerns. Increasing birth rates through family-friendly policies such as subsidized childcare, parental leave, and financial incentives has shown limited success in most countries. Technology offers some solutions through robotics and AI in healthcare and elderly care, potentially reducing labor demands. Perhaps most importantly, societies need to reconceptualize aging, viewing older citizens as active contributors rather than passive burdens, creating opportunities for their continued participation in economic and social life.

解答例：

Population aging affects societies worldwide as declining birth rates and increasing life expectancy create unprecedented age structures with growing elderly proportions, driven by better healthcare, changing values, female education, and economic uncertainties. Challenges include strained healthcare and pension systems, government budget pressures, labor shortages, potential economic slowdown, changing family structures, and rural area difficulties. Strategies include raising retirement ages and adapting workplaces, immigration despite cultural concerns, family-friendly policies with limited success, technology through robotics and AI, and importantly reconceptualizing aging by viewing elderly as active contributors rather than burdens. Creating opportunities for continued elderly participation in economic and social life represents crucial approaches to addressing demographic transformation. (107 words)

英検1級の要約の練習問題5

Read the article below and summarize it in your own words as far as possible in English. Summarize it between 90 and 110 words.

Cryptocurrencies emerged as a revolutionary financial technology promising to transform how people store value and conduct transactions. Bitcoin, introduced in 2009, pioneered the use of blockchain technology to create a decentralized digital currency operating without central banks or government control. Advocates argue that cryptocurrencies offer numerous advantages over traditional currencies, including lower transaction costs for international transfers, greater financial privacy, protection against inflation through limited supply, and access to financial services for unbanked populations in developing countries. The underlying blockchain technology has applications beyond currency in areas such as supply chain management, digital contracts, and secure record-keeping.

However, cryptocurrencies face significant criticisms and obstacles to mainstream adoption. Extreme price volatility makes them unsuitable as stable stores of value or reliable mediums of exchange, with values sometimes fluctuating by double-digit percentages daily. The energy consumption required for cryptocurrency mining, particularly Bitcoin, has raised environmental concerns, with some estimates suggesting it uses as much electricity as entire countries. Cryptocurrencies have facilitated illegal activities including money laundering, tax evasion, and ransomware attacks, though the extent remains debated. Lack of consumer protection means that hacks, scams, and exchange failures have cost investors billions with little recourse. Regulatory uncertainty persists as governments struggle to classify and control cryptocurrencies while balancing innovation with consumer protection.

The future of cryptocurrencies remains uncertain as they face competing pressures. Some traditional financial institutions have begun integrating cryptocurrency services, lending legitimacy, while major companies have started accepting them as payment. Central banks are developing their own digital currencies that combine cryptocurrency technology with government backing and regulation. However, increased regulation could undermine the decentralization and privacy that attracted early adopters. Whether cryptocurrencies become mainstream financial tools or remain niche speculative assets likely depends on resolving issues around stability, environmental impact, security, and regulation while demonstrating clear advantages over existing payment systems beyond ideological appeals to decentralization.

解答例：

Cryptocurrencies using blockchain technology promise revolutionary financial transformation, offering advantages including lower international transfer costs, financial privacy, inflation protection through limited supply, and unbanked population access, with blockchain applications extending to supply chains and contracts. However, significant problems exist including extreme price volatility preventing stable value storage, enormous energy consumption raising environmental concerns, facilitation of illegal activities, lack of consumer protection against hacks and scams, and regulatory uncertainty. The future remains unclear as some institutions integrate cryptocurrency services and central banks develop government-backed digital currencies, though increased regulation may undermine decentralization. Mainstream adoption depends on resolving stability, environmental, security, and regulatory issues while demonstrating advantages over existing systems. (108 words)

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